The historic visit to Jerusalem by Egyptian President Anwar Sadat in 1977 eventually led to negotiations between US. President Jimmy Carter, Egyptian President Anwar Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin at the US Presidential retreat at Camp David in Maryland. Twelve days of intense negotiation resulted in an agreement for peace between Egypt and Israel.

The agreement reached consisted of two parts. The first proposed negotiations by Jordan and a future Palestinian representative body for the eventual establishment of an independent Palestinian state. The second was the operative agreement for a full peace treaty between Israel and Egypt.

THE FRAMEWORK FOR PEACE IN THE MIDDLE EAST

Muhammad Anwar al-Sadat, President of the Arab Republic of Egypt, and Menachem Begin, Prime Minister of Israel, met with Jimmy Carter, President of the United States of America, at Camp David from September 5 to September 17, 1978, and have agreed on the following framework for peace in the Middle East. They invite other parties to the Arab-Israel conflict to adhere to it.

A. West Bank and Gaza

Egypt, Israel, Jordan and the representatives of the Palestinian people should participate in negotiations on the resolution of the Palestinian problem in all its aspects…

Egypt, Israel, and Jordan will agree on the modalities for establishing an elected self-governing authority in the West Bank and Gaza…

B. Egypt-Israel

  1. Egypt and Israel undertake not to resort to the threat or the use of force to settle disputes…
  2. In order to achieve peace between them, the parties agree to negotiate in good faith with a goal of concluding within three months from the signing of the Framework a peace treaty between them …

Framework for the Conclusion of a Peace Treaty between Egypt and Israel

The following matters are agreed between the parties:

  1. The full exercise of Egyptian sovereignty up to the internationally recognized border between Egypt and mandated Palestine;
  2. The withdrawal of Israeli armed forces from the Sinai;
  3. The use of airfields left by the Israelis near al-Arish, Rafah, Ras en-Naqb, and Sharm el-Sheikh for civilian purposes only, including possible commercial use only by all nations;
  4. The right of free passage by ships of Israel through the Gulf of Suez and the Suez Canal on the basis of the Constantinople Convention of 1888 applying to all nations; the Strait of Tiran and Gulf of Aqaba are international waterways to be open to all nations for unimpeded and non-suspendable freedom of navigation and overflight;
  5. The construction of a highway between the Sinai and Jordan near Eilat with guaranteed free and peaceful passage by Egypt and Jordan; and
  6. The stationing of military forces listed below…

After a peace treaty is signed, and after the interim withdrawal is complete, normal relations will be established between Egypt and Israel, including full recognition, including diplomatic, economic and cultural relations; termination of economic boycotts and barriers to the free movement of goods and people; and mutual protection of citizens by the due process of law….